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Components of Food Class 6 Notes Science Chapter- 2


Components of Food Class 6 Notes Science Chapter 2.


We eat different food items in our daily life, which we get from plants and animals. Food items or a dish is usually made up of ingredients. These ingredients contain some components that are needed to our body . These components are called nutrients. 
The major nutrients found in our food are carbohydrates, fats, protein, vitamin and minerals. In addition ,food also contain water and dietary fibres. Let's discuss about it.

Carbohydrates

  1. It gives energy to our body so that body can perform activity.
  2. Food contain carbohydrates in the form of starch and sugar.
  3. Rice , potatoes, corn, wheat, sugar , etc are the source of carbohydrates.
Fats

  1. It provides more energy than carbohydrates.
  2. It helps to prevents loss of heat from the body surface. But too much fat is harmful for our body, it leads to the obesity.
  3. Groundnut oil, soyabean oil, butter , ghee, etc are the source of fat.
Vitamins

  1. It is a protective food as it protect us from diseases and keeps us healthy.
  2. Our body required vitamins in a very small amount.
  3. Sources and types of vitamin are -

     


         Minerals
1. It helps in the proper growth of body and maintain good health .
2. It also required in a small amount to our body.
3. Source of minerals are iodine , phosphorus, iron and calcium.



Besides nutrients our body also needs dietary fibres and water .

Water

1. It helps our body to absorb nutrients from food.
2. It helps to maintain the temperature ( keeps cool) to our body through sweating.
3. It helps in blood circulation and also throw out the waste from body.


Dietary fibres

1. It is also known as Roughage . It doesn't provide any nutrients to body.
2. It helps in digestion of food in body.
3. Whole grains, flour and cereals , fresh fruits and vegetables are the main source of Roughage.


Balanced diet
The diet containing good amount of all the nutrients, Roughage and water is called Balanced diet.

Eating the Right kind of food is not enough. It should be washed and cooked properly, so that it's nutrients are not lost.
Deep fried of a food items usually loss their nutrients. 
For example- vitamin C gets easily destroyed by heat during cooking.
Cooking makes the food tasty and make it easy to digest. As we know food containing fats gives energy. But eating too much of fat rich foods may suffering from obesity.

Obesity - Diseases caused by over eating of junk food or oily food is called obesity.

Sometimes a person may not get a particular nutrients over a long period, the person may suffer from its deficiency.

Deficiency diseases -
Diseases occur due to lack of nutrients over a long period are called deficiency diseases.
Diseases caused by deficiency and their symptoms.
This picture is taken from N.C.E.R.T.




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